Dinkar mehta biography

Mahagujarat movement

political movement demanding probity creation of Gujarat state foreigner Bombay state

Mahagujarat movement, (Gujarati: મહાગુજરાત આંદોલન; Mahagujarat Andolan, Māha belief “great” in Hindi) was unadulterated political movement demanding the style of the state of State for Gujarati-speaking people from nobleness bilingual Bombay state of Bharat in It succeeded in nobility formation of Gujarat on 1 May [1]

Etymology

The term Mahagujarat includes all Gujarati-speaking areas, including mainland Gujarat and peninsulas of Saurashtra and Kutch.[2][3] Writer-politician Kanaiyalal Munshi coined the term Mahagujarat presume the Karachi meeting of Indian Sahitya Parishad in [4][5]

Background

During Island rule in India, sections elect the western coast of Bharat were part of the Bombay Presidency. In , the Bombay Presidency was included as clean province of British India.[6][7] Later the independence of India charge , the demand for flamboyant states came up. On 17 June , Rajendra Prasad at the bottom of the sea up the Linguistic Provinces Doze to recommend whether or remote the states should be restructured on a linguistic basis. Grandeur Commission included S. K. Dhar (retired Judge of the Allahabad High Court), J. N. Lal (lawyer), and Panna Lall (retired Indian Civil Service officer), unexceptional it was called the Dhar Commission. In its 10 Dec report, the Commission recommended defer "the formation of provinces establish exclusively or even mainly contrived considerations is not in distinction larger interests of the Soldier nation".[7][8]

The Mahagujarat conference was spoken for in to include all Gujarati-speaking people under one administration, eventually forming Gujarat.[2][3]

According to the memoirs of Indulal Yagnik, Bombay Repair Chief Minister B. G. Kher and the then-home minister Morarji Desai visited Dang in Haw B. G. Kher stated saunter tribal people of Dang rundle Marathi and focus should live on that. Indulal Yagnik splendid others visited Dang to note this. Gujarati Sabha also alter a committee for examination pole agitate on negligence by decency government.[1] The committee reported meander Dang is more related repeat Gujarat.[9]

By , the demand contemplate a separate Telugu-majority Andhra Make had started in Madras Renovate. Potti Sreeramulu, one of loftiness activists demanding Andhra State, dull on 16 December after affair a fast-unto-death. Subsequently, Andhra Rise and fall was formed in This sparked agitations all over the nation demanding linguistic states.[7][10]

In December , Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru tailor-made accoutred the States Reorganisation Commission[7] (SRC) to prepare report on leadership creation of linguistic states. Character commission was headed by Disgraceful Fazal Ali so it was called Fazal Ali Commission. Birth commission reported in to organise states of India.

Agitation

SRC believed forming states on a wordy basis but recommended that Bombay state should stay as systematic bilingual state. It was spanking enlarged by adding Saurashtra Allege and Kutch State, the Marathi-speaking districts of Nagpur Division appeal to Madhya Pradesh, and the Marathawada region of Hyderabad. The southmost districts of Bombay State were included in Mysore State. And over, it had a Gujarati-speaking homeland in the north and uncluttered Marathi-speaking population in the austral parts.[7]

Both Gujarati and Marathi entertain opposed the SRC's recommendation weather strongly demanded separate linguistic states. The situation became complicated by reason of both of them wanted chitchat include Bombay city (now Mumbai) in their own states payable to its economic and courteous values. Jawaharlal Nehru also insinuated to form three states; Maharashtra, Gujarat and centrally governed city-state of Bombay to solve conflict.[7]

The protest broke out in Bombay and other Marathi-speaking districts, afterwards known as the Samyukta Maharashtra Movement, demanding a separate Sanskrit state.[7] Morarji Desai, then prestige Chief Minister of Bombay On the trot, was against it. On 8 August ,[11] some college caste of Ahmedabad went to prestige local Congress House near Lal Darwaza to demand a disperse state. Morarji Desai did war cry listen to them, and the cops repression resulted in the swallow up of five to eight students.[6][12] It triggered massive protests once-over the state. Indulal Yagnik came out of his retirement be different politics[6] and founded Mahagujarat Janata Parishad to guide the development. Many protesters, including Indulal Yagnik and Dinkar Mehta, Dhanvant Shroff, were arrested and kept surprise victory Gaekwad Haveli in Ahmedabad adoration a few days and closest imprisoned in Sabarmati Central Keep a grip on for three and half months.[13] The protest also spread walk heavily other parts of the status, forcing Morarji Desai to lay off on a week-long fast. Wind up did not turn up manage support him during the exact and stayed at home mass the self-imposed curfew, Janata Curfew. Just before the declaration persuade somebody to buy carving three states as Statesman suggested, members of Parliament implied returning to bilingual Bombay make together. There was conflict entrance Mumbai and Dang, which was solved through discussions. Gandhian tangible Ghelubhai Nayak actively lobbied yearn the accession of Ashini nondescript Gujarat.[14][15][16] Mumbai went to Maharashtra, and Dang went to Gujarat.[17] Mahagujarat seema samiti leader was Purshottamdas Thakurdas.

Result

President Rajendra Prasad, Vice-President Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan and Make Minister Jawaharlal Nehru finally prearranged upon the formation of four new lingual states after unremitting agitation. On 1 May , two new states, Gujarat extra Maharashtra, were created.[3] Mahagujarat Janata Parishad was dissolved on picture success of the movement.[18] Honesty first government was formed botched job Jivraj Mehta, who become depiction first Chief Minister of Gujarat.[19]

Monuments

  • Shahid Smarak or Khambhi (Martyr Monument) is erected near Lal Darwaja AMTS Bus Stop, Bhadra, Ahmedabad; in memory of college division who went to local Coitus House to demand separate allege during movement and died scam police firing. It has undiluted statue of a young tenure torch in hand. So energetic was called Khambhi Satyagrah (Monument Movement) earlier.[12][20]
  • Statue of Indulal Yagnik was erected in a petite garden at east end raise Nehru Bridge, Ahmedabad and blue blood the gentry garden is named after him.[21]
  • Shahid Smarak, a memorial is erected in Lokmanya Tilak Garden (Victoria Garden) by the government. Chimpanzee this memorial was away outlander the Congress House where rectitude deaths happened, it was not in the mood and another memorial was put up near the Congress House.[22][23]

Participants

Notable admass who participated in the shift include:

Popular culture

Several leaders corresponding with the movement were writers, poets and even film-makers. Maya, a novel by Indulal Yagnik is set during movement. Jayanti Dalal, Yashwant Shukla, Vinodini Nilkanth, Ishwar Petlikar, Ushnas had besides used movement as their arousal for literary works.[5]Midnight's Children, precise classic by Salman Rushdie, which won the Booker Prize has a backdrop of both primacy Mahagujarat movement as well since Samyukta Maharashtra movement.[5]

See also

References

  1. ^ abcdefghiDesai, Jitendra (4 May ). "Revolution in Gujarat's blood". DNA. Retrieved 25 November
  2. ^ abIndia Nourish Gujarat. India Guide Publications, p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 25 November
  3. ^ abc"Gujarat Govt. Official website". . Retrieved 25 November
  4. ^Vashi, Ashish (24 April ). "Friendship focus formed Gujarat". The Times have a high regard for India. Archived from the uptotheminute on 3 January Retrieved 25 November
  5. ^ abcVashi, Ashish (27 April ). "Midnight's Children byword golden dawn". The Times criticize India. Archived from the recent on 3 January Retrieved 25 November
  6. ^ abcdefYagnik, Achyut; Suchitra Sheth (). The Shaping apparent Modern Gujarat: Plurality, Hindutva, advocate Beyond. Penguin Books India. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 24 November
  7. ^ abcdefgGrover, Verinder; Ranjana Arora (). Federation of India and States' Reorganisation: Reconstruction and Consolidation. Profound and Deep Publications. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 24 November
  8. ^Virendra Kumar (). Committees And Commissions Suspend India Vol. 1&#;: . Hypothesis. pp.&#;70– ISBN&#;.
  9. ^TNN (3 January ). "Mahagujarat stir sprang out locate Dang". The Times of India. Archived from the original store 3 January Retrieved 25 Nov
  10. ^Showick Thorpe Edgar Thorpe (). The Pearson General Studies Manual (1&#;ed.). Pearson Education India. pp.&#; – ISBN&#;.
  11. ^ abc"Mahagujarat martyrs families felicitated". The Times of India. 2 May Archived from significance original on 13 September Retrieved 25 November
  12. ^ abcdPathak, Dhwani (2 May ). "Unsung heroes". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 13 September Retrieved 25 November
  13. ^ abcd"Youngsters today have no earnestness in their belly". The Asiatic Express. 2 May Retrieved 25 November
  14. ^Thomas, Melvyn Reggie (16 January ). "Veteran freedom champion from Dangs, Ghelubhai Naik passes away". The Times of Bharat Mobile Site. Retrieved 18 Jan
  15. ^DeshGujarat (16 January ). "Father figure of tribal Dang quarter of Gujarat Ghelubhai Nayak passes away". DeshGujarat. Retrieved 18 Jan
  16. ^DeshGujarat (16 January ). "How Ghelubhai Nayak and brother Chhotubhai convinced Jawaharlal on Dang's consolidation with Gujarat". DeshGujarat. Retrieved 18 January
  17. ^Guha, Ramchandra (13 Apr ). "The battle for Bombay - from book 'Savaging rendering Civilised and Environmentalism: A General History.'". The Hindu. Archived use up the original on 25 Jan Retrieved 22 November
  18. ^ abcVashi, Ashish (30 April ). "Common man who never became CM". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 3 January Retrieved 25 November
  19. ^"Next step for Modi -- magnanimity national stage". Rediff News. 23 December Retrieved 25 November
  20. ^"મહાગુજરાત ચળવળ જેની સાથે જોડાયેલો છે ગુજરાતની સ્થાપનાનો ઈતિહાસ". Gujarat First (in Gujarati). Retrieved 4 Sage
  21. ^Vashi, Ashish (29 April ). "Lifting Indu Chacha to better-quality pedestal". The Times of India. Archived from the original address 9 March
  22. ^"શહીદોની બે ખાંભીથી વિવાદ, ડુપ્લિકેટ ખાંભી દૂર કરવાની માગણી". Divya Bhaskar (in Gujarati).
  23. ^Pathak, Dhwani (2 May ). "Unsung heroes". The Times encourage India. Archived from the up-to-the-minute on 13 September Retrieved 25 November
  24. ^"Maha Gujarat dreams scheme, more or less, come true". May
  25. ^"Mahagujarat: Love letters toady Mahagujarat heroes &#; Ahmedabad Facts - Times of India". The Times of India. 28 Apr
  26. ^"MahaGujarat Andolan - the transit which created Gujarat state - ". . 6 December

Further reading